I-Nickel Alloy Uhlolojikelele

Ama-Nickel alloys ayikilasi lezinto eziphezulu-zensimbi ezisebenza kahle ezakhiwe nge-nickel (Ni) matrix ngokwengeza ezinye izinsimbi noma{1}}izakhi ezingezona ezensimbi (njenge-chromium, i-iron, i-molybdenum, i-cobalt, ne-tungsten). Ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ezihlukile zemvelo namakhemikhali, ama-nickel alloys abonisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu,{3}}amandla aphezulu ezinga lokushisa, ukumelana ne-oxidation, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zomshini ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu. Asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni we-aerospace, amandla, amakhemikhali, kanye nobunjiniyela basolwandle.

 

Izici ze-Nickel Alloys

Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-nickel alloys isezicini zayo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu:

Ukumelana Nokugqwala Okuhle Kakhulu: I-Nickel ngokwemvelo inokumelana okuhle kakhulu ne-asidi nokugqwala kwe-alkali, ikakhulukazi ekwehliseni ama-acids (afana ne-hydrochloric acid ne-sulfuric acid) kanye nezindawo ezine-alkaline. Ukwengezwa kwezakhi ezifana ne-chromium ne-molybdenum kuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukumelana nokugqwala kwama-alloys e-nickel. Isibonelo, i-Hastelloy ne-Inconel ingamelana nokuhlaselwa kwama-asidi aqinile, amanzi olwandle, -nezindawo eziphezulu ze-oxidizing.

Amandla{{0}Aphezulu Ezinga Lezinga Okushisa Nokumelana Ne-oxidation: Ama-alloy e-nickel agcina amandla aphezulu futhi amelana nokunyakaza ngisho emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuwenza afaneleke{1}}izingxenye zethempelesha eziphezulu njengezinjini zegesi nezinjini zezindiza. Isibonelo, ama-superalloy asekelwe ku-nickel{3}(afana ne-Inconel 718) angasebenza ngokuzinza isikhathi eside esingaphezu kuka-600℃.

Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokucubungula nokushisela: Amanye ama-nickel alloys angakhiwa ngokusebenza okushisayo, ukusebenza okubandayo, nezinqubo zokushisela, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi zesakhiwo.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Nickel Alloys

Ama-alloys e-nickel angahlukaniswa abe yizigaba ezilandelayo ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezingeziwe eziyinhloko noma izimo zohlelo lokusebenza:

Ama-Nickel-ama-chromium alloys (njengochungechunge lwe-Inconel): Nge-chromium njengengxenye yokuqala yengxubevange, anikeza ukumelana ne-oxidation okuhle kakhulu kanye{1}}nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu futhi avame ukusetshenziswa{2}}ezindaweni zokushisa eziphezulu ezifana nezinjini zegesi nezibasi.

I-Nickel-i-chromium-i-molybdenum alloys (efana nochungechunge lwe-Hastelloy): Ukwengezwa kwe-molybdenum kuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukumelana nokubola, kuyenze ifanelekele ikakhulukazi i-asidi eqinile (njenge-hydrochloric acid ne-sulfuric acid) kanye nezindawo zamanzi olwandle. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yamakhemikhali.

Ama-alloys e-nickel-e-iron (afana ne-Invar alloy): Ngokuqukethwe kwe-iron okuphezulu kanye ne-coefficient ephansi yokunwetshwa kwe-thermal, afanele amathuluzi anembayo, amaphakheji e-electronic, nezinye izinkambu. Ama-nickel-ama-cobalt superalloy (afana ne-Waspaloy): Hlanganisa{3}}amandla ezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana nokugqwala okushisayo futhi asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko{4}}ezingxenyeni zokushisa eziphezulu zezinjini zezindiza.
Ama-Nickel Alloys ajwayelekile kanye nezicelo
I-Inconel 625: Nge-chromium, i-molybdenum, ne-niobium njengama-elementi e-alloying ayinhloko, inikeza{1}}izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukugqwala nokumelana ne-oxidation futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zamakhemikhali, zasolwandle, ne-aerospace.
I-Hastelloy C-276: Okuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-molybdenum kuyivumela ukuthi isebenze kahle kakhulu ezindaweni eziqinile ze-asidi ne-chloride futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-petrochemical kanye nemishini yokulawula ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
I-Monel 400: I-nickel{1}}ingxubevange yethusi imelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi, ivamise ukusetshenziswa kuma-propeller emikhumbi, ama-valve, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
I-Invar 36: Ukunwetshwa kwayo okuphansi kwe-thermal kuyenza ibe into efanelekile yezinsimbi ezibonakalayo nezinsimbi zesathelayithi.
Amathrendi Okuthuthukisa

Ngokukhula kwesidingo embonini{0}}ephezulu, ama-nickel alloys athuthukela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu nokusebenza okuningi. Isibonelo, izinhlanganisela ze-nickel{2}ezisuselwa ku-powder metallurgy zingathuthukisa{3}}amandla aphezulu ezinga lokushisa. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza okungeziwe (ukuphrinta kwe-3D) benza ukwakhiwa kwezingxenye ze-nickel alloy eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokuzayo, amandla e-nickel alloys emandleni amasha (njengokugcina i-hydrogen), amandla enuzi, kanye nemishini yemvelo eyeqisayo izophinde yethulwe.

Ngamafuphi, ama-nickel alloys, anezici zawo eziphelele eziphelele, asephenduke into ebalulekile embonini yesimanje, eqhubekisela phambili intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni.